Investigating Thermal Energy Estimating the Specific Heat Capacity of a Metal Aim of the Experiment The aim of the experiment is to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal block Variables ...
Phase Change A phase change happens whenever matter changes its state During a phase change, thermal energy is transferred to or from a substance This energy transfer does not change the temperatur...
Specific Latent Heat During a phase change (i.e. a change of state) thermal energy is transferred to a substance or removed from it, while the temperature of the substance does not change In this c...
Internal Energy When a substance gains or loses thermal energy, its internal energy increases or decreases The internal energy of a substance is defined as: The sum of the total kinetic energy and ...
Temperature Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold objects are Temperature also determines the direction in which thermal energy will flow between two objects (or between an object and its sur...
Solids, Liquids & Gases The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas The kinetic theory of matter is a model that attempts to explain the properties of the three states of matter In thi...
Collisions & Explosions In both collisions and explosions, momentum is always conserved However, kinetic energy might not always be A collision (or explosion) is either: Elastic – if the kineti...
Conservation of Linear Momentum The principle of conservation of linear momentum states: The total momentum before a collision = the total momentum after a collision provided no external force acts...
Impulse The force and momentum equation can be rearranged to find the impulse Impulse, I, is equal to the change in momentum: I = FΔt = Δp = mv – mu Where: I = impulse (N s) F = force (N) t = time ...
